Computer & Networking Hacks

Save or convert to PDF or XPS

You can use the Office programs to save or convert your files to PDFs so that you can share them or print them using commercial printers. And you won’t need any other software or add-ins.

Use PDF format when you want a file that:

• Looks the same on most computers.
• Has a smaller file size.
• Complies with an industry format.

Examples include resumes, legal documents, newsletters, files that are intended to be read (not edited) and printed, and files that are intended for professional printing.

Windows

XML Paper Specification (XPS)    is an electronic file format that preserves document formatting and enables file sharing. The XPS format ensures that when the file is viewed online or printed, it retains exactly the format that you intended, and that data in the file cannot be easily changed.

6 ways to clean Windows 10 disk space.

1. Check for low disk space

1. Select the Start  button, then select Settings  > System  > Storage .
   Open Storage settings
2. Your drives will be listed in the Storage area. Note the amount of free space and total size for each drive.

Note

If your PC is not low on space, try the next tip.

1. Make sure you have the latest updates for Windows and device drivers

One of the best ways to get the most out of your PC is to make sure you have the latest version of Windows 10 installed. When you check for updates, your PC will also search for the latest device drivers, which can also help improve your PC’s performance.

To check for updates

1.     Select the Start  button, then select Settings  > Update & Security  > Windows Update  > Check for updates.

2.     Do one of the following:

•         If the status says "You're up to date," go to the next tip.

•         If the status says "Updates are available," select Install now.

3.     Select the updates you want to install, then select Install.

4.     Restart your PC and see if it seems to run better.

2. Restart your PC and open only the apps you need

Having many apps, programs, web browsers, and so on open at once can slow down your PC. Having a lot of browser tabs open at once can also slow it down quite a bit. If this is happening, close any apps, browser tabs, etc., that you don't need and see if that helps speed up your PC. If it doesn't seem to help, restart your PC and then open just the apps, programs and browser windows you need.

To restart your PC

1.     Select the Start  button, then select Power  > Restart.

2.     After your PC restarts, open just the apps you need, then close them when you’re done.

Sometimes apps that were made for an earlier version of Windows will still run on Windows 10, but they might slow down your PC. If this happens after you open a certain program, check the software company’s website for an updated version, or run the Program Compatibility Troubleshooter.

To run the Program Compatibility Troubleshooter

1.     In the search box on the taskbar, type troubleshoot, then select Troubleshoot settings, which has System settings listed underneath it.

2.     In the list of troubleshooters, select Program Compatibility Troubleshooter > Run the troubleshooter.

3.     Select the program that you’re having problems with, then select Next and continue through the troubleshooter.

3. Use ReadyBoost to help improve performance

ReadyBoost lets you use a removable drive, like a USB flash drive, to improve your PC’s performance without opening your PC and adding more memory (RAM). To use ReadyBoost, you’ll need a USB flash drive or a memory card that has at least 500 MB free and a high data transfer rate.

To use ReadyBoost        

1.     Insert the USB flash drive into a USB port on your PC.

2.     Select File Explorer  from the taskbar.

3.     Press and hold (or right-click) the USB flash drive (or SD card if you used one instead), then select Properties.

4.     Select the ReadyBoost tab, then select Use this device.

Windows determines if the device can use ReadyBoost. If it can’t, it'll let you know.

5.     After Windows determines how much free space to use to optimize memory, select OK to reserve this space so ReadyBoost can use it.

When you look at the contents of the USB flash drive in File Explorer, you’ll see a file named ReadyBoost.sfcache on the flash drive. This file shows how much space is reserved for ReadyBoost.

Note

ReadyBoost can't be used if Windows is installed on a solid state drive (SSD). An SSD is already fast, and ReadyBoost won't be able to improve its performance.

4. Make sure the system is managing the page file size

The paging file is an area on your hard disk that Windows uses like memory. There's a setting in Windows 10 that manages the page file size automatically, which can help improve your PC’s performance.

To make sure automatic page file management is turned on

1.     In the search box on the taskbar, type advanced system, and then select View advanced system settings, which has Control panel listed underneath it.

2.     In System Properties, select the Advanced tab, then select Settings in the Performance area.

3.     In Performance Options, select the Advanced tab, then select Change in the Virtual memory area.

4.     Make sure the Automatically manage paging file size for all drives check box is selected. If it is, continue to the next tip. If it's not, select it and then restart your PC by selecting the Start  button > Power  > Restart.

5. Check for low disk space and free up space

You may improve performance if you free some disk space on your PC.

To check for low disk space

1.     Select the Start button, then select Settings  > System  > Storage .

2.     Your drives will be listed in the Storage area. Note the amount of free space and total size for each drive.

Note

If your PC is not low on space, try the next tip.

You can use Storage Sense to delete unnecessary or temporary files from your device, which can also free up space.

If you turn on Storage Sense, Windows will automatically free up space by getting rid of unnecessary files—including files in your recycle bin—when you're low on disk space or at intervals you specify. The instructions below show you how to delete temporary files and how to turn on and configure Storage Sense.

If you can't find Storage Sense on your device using the following steps, see the "Free up space with Disk cleanup" section below instead.

Note

You may not want to delete temporary files to improve performance. While these files may not be used at the moment, they help your apps load and run faster.

6. Adjust the appearance and performance of Windows

Windows 10 includes many visual effects, such as animations and shadow effects. These look great, but they can also use additional system resources and can slow down your PC. This is especially true if you have a PC with a smaller amount of memory (RAM).

To adjust the visual effects in Windows

1.     In the search box on the taskbar, type performance, then select Adjust the appearance and performance of Windows in the list of results.

2.     On the Visual Effects tab, select Adjust for best performance > Apply.

3.     Restart your PC and see if that speeds up your PC.

7. Pause OneDrive syncing

Your PC settings let you choose where files will be saved by default. You can save files on your PC or to OneDrive by default and sync files between the two locations. This lets you get to your files from any device that can connect to the internet, and it helps make sure your files are backed up in case your PC is ever damaged or lost. However, files must sync between your PC and OneDrive, and syncing can slow down your PC. You can pause OneDrive syncing temporarily and see if it helps improve your PC performance.

To stop syncing to OneDrive

1.     On the taskbar, look for OneDrive  near the notification area.

2.     Select OneDrive  > More  > Pause syncing, and then choose how long you want to pause syncing your files.

3.     Restart your PC and see if your performance issues have improved with syncing paused.

4.     To resume syncing your files, select OneDrive  > More  > Resume syncing.

You can also visit Fix OneDrive sync problems to check for any sync issues.

Note

If you have Window 10 version 1709 or higher, you can use OneDrive Files On-Demand to choose which files you want to sync and always keep on your PC. This can help improve PC performance if you reduce the number of files that are synced to your PC. To see which version of Windows 10 your device is currently running, select the Start  button, then select Settings  > System  > About.

8. Disable unnecessary startup programs

When you turn on your PC, some programs start automatically and run in the background. You can disable these programs so they don’t run when your PC starts.

Many programs are designed to start automatically when Windows does. You don’t realize they're running, but they'll open quickly when you go to use them. This is helpful for programs you use a lot, but not for programs you don’t use often because it increases the time it takes Windows to start.

Find the programs that start automatically

Sometimes you can determine which programs start automatically by looking at the program icons in the notification area on the far right of the taskbar. Check there first to see if there are any programs running that you don’t want to start automatically. To try to find out the name of the program, point to the icon with your mouse pointer. Make sure you select Show hidden icons , so you don’t miss any programs.

Notification area with mouse pointing to show hidden icons

Even after you check the notification area, you might still miss some programs that run automatically at startup. Here’s how you can find all the programs that start automatically, and stop the ones that you don’t want to start automatically when Windows starts.

To stop a program from starting automatically

1.     Select the Start  button, then select Settings  > Apps  > Startup .

2.     In the Startup Apps area, find the program you want to stop from starting automatically and set it to Off.

Notes

•         If you turn off a program and it continues to start automatically when Windows starts, you should scan for viruses and malware. See the next section for more info.

•         To use the procedure above to stop a program from starting automatically, you need to have Windows 10 (Version 1803 or higher) installed. To see which version of Windows 10 your device is currently running, select the Start  button, then select Settings  > System  > About.

•         If you have Windows 10 (Version 1709 or earlier) installed, press Ctrl + Alt + Delete, select Task Manager, select Startup, select the program you want to stop from starting automatically, then select Disable.

9. Check for and remove viruses and malware

A virus, malware, or malicious software could cause your PC to run slowly. Other symptoms include unexpected pop-up messages, programs that unexpectedly start automatically, or the sound of your hard disk constantly working.

The best way to handle viruses and malicious software is to try to prevent them by running antimalware and antivirus software and keeping it up to date. However, even if you take precautions, your PC can still become infected.

You can scan your PC for viruses or other malicious software by using Windows Security (formerly Windows Defender Security Center), which is included in Windows 10. For more info, see How to protect your Windows 10 PC.

Notes

•         If you’re using other antivirus or anti-malware software, see the documentation for that program to learn how to scan for viruses. Also, make sure multiple antivirus programs aren’t running at the same time. If they are, choose the one you want to run, and then disable or uninstall any others.

•         If you have another antivirus program installed and turned on, Windows Security will be turned off by default.

To scan for viruses using Windows Security (Windows 10 Version 1809 or later)

1.     Select Start   > Settings  > Update & Security  > Windows Security   and then select Open Windows Security.

2.     Select Virus & threat protection, then select Check for updates under Virus & threat protection updates.

3.     On the Protection updates screen, select Check for updates to make sure you have the most recent updates.

4.     Select Virus & threat protection, then select Quick scan.

Wait for Windows Security to finish scanning for viruses and malware.

5.     Do one of the following, depending on the results of the scan:

•         Run the recommended advanced scan. This scan takes longer but searches more extensively for threats on your PC.

•         If Windows Security finds a virus or malware and can’t remove or quarantine it, contact Microsoft Support for help.

•         If no viruses are found, restart your PC and try to reproduce the performance problem you were having with your PC.

Note

If Windows Security doesn’t open, can’t update the definition file, or can’t finish scanning for viruses, try running Windows Defender Offline, which is explained below in To scan for malware and viruses with Windows Defender Offline (Windows 10 Version 1809 or later).

To see which version of Windows 10 your device is currently running, select the Start  button, then select Settings  > System > About.

10. Restore your PC from a system restore point

Restoring your PC undoes recent changes that might be causing problems. If you think a recently installed app, driver, or update for Windows could be causing problems, you might get things running normally again by restoring your PC to an earlier point, called a restore point.

Notes

•         Restoring from a restore point won’t affect your personal files, but it will remove apps, drivers, and updates that were installed after the restore point was created.

•         System restore works for changes made in the last 7 to 14 days.

To restore your PC from a restore point

1.     In the search box on the taskbar, type restore point, then select Create a restore point from the list of results.

2.     On the System Protection tab, select System Restore.

3.     Select Next, then choose the restore point related to the app, driver, or update that might be causing the problem. Then select Next > Finish.

4.     Restart your PC and see if performance has improved.

If you don’t see any restore points, it might be because system protection isn’t turned on.

To turn on system protection

1.     In the search box on the taskbar, type restore point, then select Create a restore point from the list of results.

2.     On the System Protection tab, select Configure.

3.     Select Turn on system protection > OK.

Change the default font or text color for email messages in Outlook